YttriumThis is a featured page


My Nucleus has
39 protons
51 neutrons
average atomic mass: 88.90585

yttrium
I has
39 electrons
electron configuration:
[Kr] 4d1 5s2
valence e-: 2
My shell structure is:
2, 8, 18, 9, 2

Kossel shell structure of Y
My Properties

symbol: Y
state at room temperature: solid at 298 K
color: silvery white
classification: metallic
atomic number: 39
atomic weight: 88.90585(2)
atomic radius: 180 pm
melting point: [/K]: 1799 [or 1526 °C (2779 °F)]
boiling point: [/K]: 3609 [or 3336 °C (6037 °F)] (liquid range: 1810 K)
density: [/kg m-3]: 4472


My Home

Yttrium is never found in nature as the free element.

Yttrium is found in the ores monazite sand [(Ce, La, etc.)PO4] and bastn°site [(Ce, La, etc.)(CO3)F], ores containing small amounts of all the rare earth metals, as well as in some other ores. It is difficult to separate from other rare earth elements.

Lunar rock samples show a relatively high yttrium content.

I am Yttrium!

picture of yttrium
My Compounds
(My Friends!)

YF3: yttrium (III) fluoride
Crystal structure of yttrium (III) fluoride
YCl3: yttrium (III) chloride
Crystal structure of yttrium (III) chloride
Y2O3: yttrium (III) oxide
Crystal structure of yttrium (III) oxide

My Story

Yttria (yttrium oxide, Y2O3), was discovered by Johann Gadolin in 1794 in a mineral called gadolinite from Ytterby. Ytterby is the site of a quarry in Sweden which contains many unusual minerals containing erbium, terbium, and ytterbium as well as yttrium. Friedrich Wohler obtained the impure element in 1828 by reduction of the anhydrous chloride (YCl3) with potassium.
My Jobs

Uses:
  • YVO4 europium, and Y203 europium phosphors give the red colour in colour television tubes
  • the oxide is used to produce yttrium-iron-garnets, which are very effective microwave filters
  • yttrium iron, aluminum, and gadolinium garnets have interesting magnetic properties. Yttrium iron garnet is also exceptionally efficient as both a transmitter and transducer of acoustic energy
  • yttrium aluminium garnet is a gemstone (simulated diamond)
  • used in laser systems
  • used as a catalyst for ethene polymerization
  • potential use in ceramic and glasses as the oxide has a high melting point and imparts shock resistance and low expansion characteristics to glass
  • increases the strengths of alloys of metals such as chromium, aluminium, and magnesium




    • Precautions

    Compounds that contain this element are rarely encountered by most people but should be considered to be highly toxic even though many compounds pose little risk[citation needed]. Yttrium salts may be carcinogenic[citation needed]. This element is not normally found in human tissue and plays no known biological role.
    Yttrium - Chemistry with Mr. Olson


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